How does the concept of 'smart growth' relate to urban planning?

The concept of 'smart growth' is fundamentally aligned with urban planning principles that prioritize efficient land use and sustainability. This approach aims to create urban environments that are environmentally responsible, economically viable, and socially equitable. It advocates for higher-density development in existing urban areas rather than sprawl, promoting the use of public transportation, walking, and biking as alternatives to automobile dependency.

By emphasizing efficient land use, smart growth seeks to minimize land consumption and protect natural resources and open spaces. It encourages mixed-use developments that integrate residential, commercial, and recreational spaces, which can enhance community cohesion and decrease the need for lengthy commutes. Moreover, sustainability is central to smart growth, as it actively supports practices that reduce environmental impact, such as incorporating green infrastructure and sustainable building practices.

This combination of efficiency, sustainability, and community engagement reflects a holistic approach to urban planning that aims to create livable, resilient cities while also preserving the environment for future generations. The focus on promoting these values is what makes the answer that highlights efficient land use and sustainability the correct choice in relation to smart growth's objectives in urban planning.