Which type of planning focuses on serving the interests of the least fortunate or least well-represented groups in society?

The focus of planning that aims to serve the interests of the least fortunate or least well-represented groups in society aligns closely with the principles of equity planning. This approach actively seeks to address social injustices and ensure that marginalized communities have a voice in decision-making processes. It emphasizes fairness in the distribution of resources and services, seeking to correct imbalances that have historically led to inequities. This type of planning often involves strategies aimed at promoting social equity, involving community stakeholders, and addressing systemic barriers that prevent certain groups from accessing opportunities.

Advocacy planning, while related, primarily revolves around the idea of planning in support of specific community interests and can serve a variety of populations. Participatory planning emphasizes the involvement of the community in the planning process itself, fostering inclusivity but not necessarily focusing specifically on the needs of the least fortunate. Community planning relates more broadly to the planning processes within local communities but does not focus explicitly on equity or the needs of underrepresented groups.

Therefore, equity planning is uniquely positioned as the practice that seeks to ensure equitable treatment and resources for those who have been historically marginalized, making it the most appropriate answer in the context of addressing the needs of the least fortunate in society.